建国以来,在史学理论界研究李大钊对袁世凯认识的问题上,曾有几种不同的看法。戴鹿鸣同志在《五四思想解放运动的先驱李大钊》一文中认为,辛亥革命以后的现实使李大钊“大失所望”,“他以敏锐的洞察力很快就看出了袁世凯军阀统治的专制实质”,他1913年发表的《大哀篇》指出:“所谓民政者,少数豪暴狡狯者之专政,非吾民自主之政也;民权者,少数豪暴狡狯者之窃权,非吾民自得之权也。”“这是对袁世凯专制统治最早的也是深刻的揭露和批判。”流传较广的《李大钊传》认为,《大哀篇》“尖锐地抨击了当时的军阀官僚政治”,认识到“以袁世凯为头子的北洋军阀,‘拾先烈之血零肉屑,涂饰其面,傲岸自雄,不可一世’,……篡夺了革命 Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, there have been several different opinions on the issue of Li Dazhao’s understanding of Yuan Shikai in the field of historiographical theory. Comrade Dai Luming commented in his article entitled “Li Dazhao, pioneer of the May Fourth Movement of Ideological Liberation Movement” that Li Dazhao “disappoints” after the reality of the 1911 Revolution. “With his keen insight, he soon saw the authoritarian essence of Yuan Shikai’s warlordism.” The Great Melancholy published in 1913 pointed out: “The so-called civil war, the dictatorship of the few tyrannical criminals, the rule of the non-self-governing people, the power of civilians, the tyranny of a few tyrannical criminals, ”“ This is the earliest and profound revelation and criticism of the monarchy under Yuan Shikai. ”The widely circulated“ Li Dazhao Biography ”holds that the“ Great Tribulation ”“ sharply attacked the then warlord bureaucratic politics ”and realized that" The Northern Warlords, headed by Yuan Shikai, ’picked up the blood of the martyrs, carved their faces, prided themselves on their merits and worked extremely hard.’ ... usurped the revolution