许多伟大的名字,像泛美航空,上世纪末早已消失得无影无踪。一些幸存者也是靠着大放血才得以存活:1990～1995年间,IBM裁员12.2万人,相当于其员工总数的1/4。每个人都知道,未来是属于创业者的,例如雅虎。1998年末,637名员工的雅虎与23万员工的波音拥有同样的市值。1974～1998年,在美国GDP的比重中,大型工业企业的贡献减少了一半,从36%降到了17%。 Many great names, such as Pan Am, disappeared without a trace at the end of the last century. Some survivors also survived with large bloodletting: between 1990 and 1995, IBM laid off 122,000 people, which was equivalent to 1/4 of its workforce. Everyone knows that the future belongs to entrepreneurs, such as Yahoo. At the end of 1998, Yahoo with 637 employees had the same market value as Boeing with 230,000 employees. From 1974 to 1998, the contribution of large-scale industrial enterprises in the United States’ GDP was reduced by half from 36% to 17%.