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文艺理论中关于文艺的审美属性、艺术美的存在形态、美感的效果与价值等的阐述存在着诸多静止的形而上学的观点。文学艺术与审美、美的遭遇是一个历史事件,它们之间的关系在现代和后现代语境中发生了巨大变化。美本来是一个公认的具有正面价值的概念,却在20世纪遭到各方面质疑。文学艺术拒斥美,消费文化使美堕落为商品,日常生活审美化使美进一步贬值,自律美的观念受到批判,美之美学被宣告终结。在这个背景下思考和研究文学艺术的超越性,就不能再仅仅停留在形式美学的观点上,仰赖于审美感性和形式,而应该加强审美批评与意识形态批评的结合,更多地呼吁审美中的理性,从而规约和保证审美感性的价值。
There are many static metaphysical views on the aesthetic properties of art and literature, the existing forms of artistic beauty, the effects and values of aesthetics in literary theory. Literary arts and aesthetic and aesthetic encounters are a historical event, and the relationship between them has undergone tremendous changes in the modern and post-modern contexts. Although the United States was originally a recognized concept of positive value, it was questioned by all quarters in the 20th century. Literary and artistic rejection of the United States, consumer culture depraved the United States as a commodity, the aestheticization of everyday life to further devaluation of the United States, the concept of self-discipline was criticized, the aesthetic of beauty was declared an end. In this context, thinking and studying the transcendence of literature and art can no longer stop at the view of formal aesthetics but rely on aesthetic sensibility and form, but should combine aesthetic criticism with ideological criticism, The rationality, so as to stipulate and guarantee the aesthetic sensibility value.