约瑟夫·布莱克(J.Black)是十八世纪英国著名的化学家、物理学家和教育家。他一生突出的成就是:发现“固定空气”(二氧化碳),开拓了对气体化学的研究;建立“比热”和“潜热”学说,为热力学的发展奠定了基础;还为许多国家培养出一批杰出的科学人材。 J. Black is a famous British chemist, physicist and educator in the 18th century. The achievements he has made in his lifetime include: discovering “fixed air” (carbon dioxide), opening up the study of gas chemistry; establishing the doctrine of “specific heat” and “latent heat”, which laid the foundation for the development of thermodynamics; and for many countries, Outstanding scientific talent.