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An extended mapping deformation method is proposed for finding new exact travelling wave solutions of nonlinearpartial differential equations (PDEs). The key idea of this method is to take full advantage of the simple algebraicmapping relation between the solutions of the PDEs and those of the cubic nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation. This isapplied to solve a system of variant Boussinesq equations. As a result, many explicit and exact solutions are obtained,including solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, Jacobian elliptic function solutions and other exact solutions.