现代主义一词人们早已不再陌生。作为一种源于西方社会的文学思潮,它已走过了近百年的历程,并在发展过程中争得了主流文学思潮的地位。近代以来,西方文学的发展呈现明显的阶段性。14～16世纪的文艺复兴,17世纪的古典主义,18世纪的浪漫主义,19世纪的现实主义和批判现实主义,20世纪则以现代主义为标志。现代主义内涵广泛,既指一种文艺思潮,也指一种文艺运动,还是一种创作实践、融思潮、运动和创作三位一体,而其核心是现代主义精神。一、现代主义精神现代主义最早完全是个时间概念,后来被用来指称一切与主流文学倾向不合的“离奇的、乱七八糟的东西”。只是到了象征主义、表现主义等流派出现,在这些流派中显示出不同于以往的某种相对统一的美学倾向和精神风 People are no longer familiar with the term modernism. As a literary trend originated from western society, it has gone through nearly a hundred years of history and won the status of mainstream literary trend in the process of its development. Since the modern times, the development of western literature has shown a clear stage. Renaissance from the 14th to the 16th centuries, classicism from the 17th century, romanticism from the 18th century, realism and critical realism from the 19th century, and modernism as the symbol of the 20th century. Modernism has a wide range of connotations. It refers not only to a literary movement but also to a literary movement, or to a trinity of writing practice, integration of thought, movement and creation. At its core is the spirit of modernism. First, the spirit of modernism Modernism is entirely a concept of time and was later used to refer to all things “incompatible with mainstream literature”. Only to the symbolism, expressionism and other genres appear in these schools shows a different from the past, a certain relative unity of the aesthetic tendencies and spiritual wind