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目的:了解不同喂养方式对婴儿生长发育的影响。方法:以0～12月龄的婴儿为研究对象,根据前4个月的喂养方式分为母乳喂养、混合喂养、人工喂养3组。根据“421”体检模式,由专人负责并采用统一标准,分别在婴儿3、6、9、12月龄时对其进行身长、体重测量,并采用自编调查问卷询问婴儿的喂养方式及其生长发育情况。结果:6月龄时三种喂养方式的婴儿体重及身长在各组间差异有统计学意义,纯母乳喂养组与混合喂养组间差异有统计学意义;纯母乳喂养组贫血发生率最高(P=0.012)。4月龄内不同喂养方式婴儿12月龄时适应性、大运动、精细动作、语言、个人-社交五大能区DQ得分采用方差分析,三组间差异无统计学意义,但三组哺喂时间对婴儿适应性、语言、个人-社交存在影响。结论:不同喂养方式与婴儿生长发育有明显的关联。
Objective: To understand the effects of different feeding methods on infant growth and development. Methods: Infants aged 0-12 months were divided into three groups: breastfeeding, mixed feeding and artificial feeding according to the first four months of feeding. According to “421 ” physical examination model, the person responsible for the use of uniform standards, respectively, at 3, 6, 9, 12 months of age babies were their length, weight measurement, and using self-questionnaire to ask the baby’s feeding method and Its growth and development. Results: The body weight and length of infants of three kinds of feeding at 6 months of age were significantly different among the three groups. There was significant difference between exclusive breastfeeding group and mixed feeding group. The highest incidence of anemia in pure breastfeeding group (P = 0.012). There was no significant difference among the three groups in DQ score at 12 months of age at 12-month-old when adaptability, big exercise, fine motor, fine motor, verbal, Affect infant adaptability, language, personal-social interaction. Conclusion: There is a clear correlation between different feeding ways and infant growth and development.