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目的分析厦门市某医院2014—2016年检出的鲍曼不动杆菌的分布特征和耐药性,筛选新德里·梅塔洛1号(NDM-1)阳性鲍曼不动杆菌,并对其进行耐药性检测。方法回顾性收集该院2014年1月—2016年6月检出的全部鲍曼不动杆菌资料,对其分布特征及耐药情况等进行汇总分析。用PCR法筛选NDM-1阳性鲍曼不动杆菌,探讨其耐药性现状。结果该院培养出鲍曼不动杆菌的标本来源主要为痰液、分泌物、尿液;鲍曼不动杆菌分离率在G-菌中所占比例较高,仅次于大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌,且2014—2016各年细菌分离率所占比例无较大变化;分离出鲍曼不动杆菌较多的科室主要为神经医学中心、呼吸内科、骨科等,在2014—2016年内变迁较小;19种抗菌药物2014—2016年耐药性变迁较大的有头孢曲松、亚胺培南、复方新诺明和四环素;实验中共筛出4株NDM-1阳性鲍曼不动杆菌,对选取的16种抗菌药物耐药情况显示对替加环素耐药性较低,而对头孢类抗生素、氨苄西林、呋喃妥因等耐药性较高。结论 2014—2016年该院鲍曼不动杆菌感染现状仍较为严峻,已成为医院感染的主要致病菌之一,且对不同抗菌药物耐药率在2014—2016年内有所差异。经检测该院鲍曼不动杆菌中存在NDM-1阳性菌,其耐药形势更为严峻。
Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii detected in a hospital in Xiamen from 2014 to 2016 and to screen and screen NDM-1-positive Acinetobacter baumannii Drug resistance test. Methods The data of all Acinetobacter baumannii strains detected in the hospital from January 2014 to June 2016 were collected retrospectively. Their distribution characteristics and drug resistance were summarized and analyzed. NDM-1-positive Acinetobacter baumannii was screened by PCR and the status of its drug resistance was discussed. Results The specimens of Acinetobacter baumannii were mainly sputum, secretions and urine. The rate of Acinetobacter baumannii was higher in G-bacteria than in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and there was no significant change in the proportion of bacterial isolation in each year from 2014 to 2016. Most of the isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii were mainly neurology center, respiratory medicine, orthopedics Among them there was a small change in 2014-2016. Among the 19 antibacterials, ceftriaxone, imipenem, cotrimoxazole and tetracycline were the major changes in drug resistance in 2014-2016. Four NDM- 1-positive Acinetobacter baumannii, the selected antimicrobial resistance 16 cases showed low resistance to tigecycline, and cephalosporins antibiotics, ampicillin, nitrofurantoin resistance higher. Conclusions The status of Acinetobacter baumannii infection in this hospital is still severe from 2014 to 2016, and has become one of the major pathogens in nosocomial infections. The rates of resistance to different antibiotics vary from 2014 to 2016. After testing the hospital Baumen Acinetobacter there NDM-1-positive bacteria, the drug resistance situation is more severe.