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在马克思看来,技术在资本主义制度下的运用,表现出正效应和负效应两个维度。马克思首先肯定了技术对社会发展有着积极的推动作用。但是,在资本主义社会背景下,技术进步又会导致异化现象的产生。而异化的克服,是在生产力高度发展的前提下,通过无产阶级革命,以社会主义公有制代替资本主义私有制,科学合理地运用技术,从而使人类在得到全面发展的同时,真正获得尊严与幸福。
In Marx’s view, the use of technology under the capitalist system shows both positive and negative effects. Marx first affirmed that technology has a positive role in promoting social development. However, in the context of capitalist society, technological progress can lead to alienation. The alienation overcomes the fact that under the premise of highly developed productive forces, proletarian revolution, the replacement of capitalist private ownership by socialist public ownership, and the scientific and rational application of technology will enable mankind to truly develop dignity and happiness while being fully developed.