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【目的】了解南京市区4～6岁儿童视力发育现状与发育趋势,为评估学龄前儿童视力发育提供理论依据,并做好弱视的防治工作。【方法】选取2011年南京市区部分学龄前儿童(4～6岁)进行远视力检查和屈光筛查,对屈光筛查正常的儿童进行视力发育状况的统计分析。【结果】4～6岁屈光筛查正常儿童视力发育曲线随年龄增长呈上升趋势。4岁、5岁和6岁组视力水平的P5、P25、P50分别是4.7、4.8、4.9;4.8、4.9、4.9;4.8、4.9、5.0。屈光筛查偏离儿童视力≤P5水平的百分率明显高于屈光正常儿童(P<0.01)。【结论】4～6岁儿童视力发育随着年龄增长不断完善;应结合屈光筛查,动态监测儿童视力发育,以早期发现弱视。
【Objective】 To understand the status quo and developmental tendency of vision in 4 ~ 6 years old children in Nanjing, and to provide theoretical basis for assessing visual acuity in preschool children and to prevent and treat amblyopia. 【Methods】 A total of preschool children (4-6 years old) from Nanjing city in 2011 were selected for far vision examination and refraction screening. The visual acuity of children with normal refractive test was analyzed statistically. 【Results】 The visual acuity curve of normal children aged 4 ~ 6 years showed a rising trend with age. P5, P25, P50 of 4 years, 5 years and 6 years group were 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 4.8, 4.9, 4.9; 4.8, 4.9, 5.0, respectively. Refractive index screening children deviated from visual acuity ≤ P5 levels were significantly higher than those of normal infants (P <0.01). 【Conclusion】 Visual acuity in children aged 4 ~ 6 years is continuously improved with age. Amblyopic screening should be combined with dynamic monitoring of visual acuity in children to detect amblyopia early.