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“得”字结构,指的是由结构助词“得”引出的补语结构。作为汉语中独有的词汇-句法手段,这种结构在俄语中尚无语法上的对应模式。汉译俄时,缺少实际经验的译者往往面对这种结构不知所措。笔者对比了数百例“得”字结构俄译的语句,结果表明,“得”字结构的俄译尽管普遍带有临机性质(即根据具体上下文具体处理),但也表现出一定的模式化倾向:而模式化的分类依据,则是“得”字结构与谓语动词(或形容词)之间的深层语义关系。一.“得”字结构表示行为发生或达到惯常结果的可能性,如“看得见”、
“Get ” word structure, referring to the structure of the auxiliary word “” derived complement structure. As a unique vocabulary-syntactic method in Chinese, there is no grammatical pattern in Russian. When translating Russian into Chinese, translators lacking practical experience often feel overwhelmed by this structure. The author compares several hundred Russian translations of the word “得”. The results show that although the Russian translation of the word “得” has a generic nature of adventuring (that is, it is dealt with according to the specific context), it also shows Certainly the tendency of patternization: while the modeled classification basis is the deep semantic relationship between the “get ” structure and predicate verbs (or adjectives). I. The “get” word structure indicates the likelihood of an activity taking place or achieving a customary result, such as “visible ”,