对于直肠癌的治疗 ,外科手术仍是最主要的有效手段。 80年代以来直肠癌外科治疗出现二大趋势 :一是围绕提高生活质量—保肛手术的推广 ;二是通过提高手术质量降低局部复发率。随着保肛根治术的开展 ,根据我院经验结合复习文献 ,现对基层医院开展此项手术作如下综述。1　明确概 For the treatment of rectal cancer, surgery is still the most important effective method. Since the 1980s, there have been two major trends in the surgical treatment of rectal cancer: one is to improve the quality of life—the promotion of sphincter preservation surgery; the other is to reduce the local recurrence rate by improving the quality of surgery. With the development of anal resection prosthesis, according to the experience of our hospital combined with review of the literature, we now carry out the following review on basic surgery performed by primary hospitals. 1 Clear overview