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运用系统分析方法和博弈理论,通过对政府进行公交站设置、公交企业运营、出行者出行方式及公交线路与站点选择的目标追求与博弈分析,将研究对象转化为具有弹性需求的公交站点优化选择的双层规划问题,建立上层政府和公交企业在有限候选站中选择设置公交站点以追求总出行成本最小化、公交车辆运营成本最小化、公交出行量最大化,下层出行者在各种出行方式及线路与公交站中选择以追求广义出行成本最小化的双层规划模型,具体采用遗传算法优化求解。例子的仿真计算表明,采用双层规划进行有限候选公交站设置的方法考虑到了不同决策主体的博弈行为和公交站选择的实际约束,证明了该方法的正确性与可行性。
By using the methods of system analysis and game theory, this paper transforms the research object into the optimal choice of bus stations with flexible demand through the target pursuit and game analysis of government bus station setting, bus company operation, traveler’s travel mode and bus line and site selection The establishment of upper-level government and public transport enterprises in the limited candidate stations in the choice of setting the bus station in pursuit of the total travel costs to minimize the bus operating costs to minimize the maximum number of public transport trips, the underlying travel in a variety of modes of travel And line and bus station in pursuit of the generalized travel costs to minimize the bi-level programming model, the use of genetic algorithms to optimize the solution. The simulation results of the example show that the method of bilevel programming for setting up limited candidate bus stops takes into account the game behavior of different decision makers and the actual constraints of bus station selection, and proves the correctness and feasibility of the method.