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目的分析包头市流行性腮腺炎流行特征,为该病的防治工作提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对包头市2005~2015年报告的流行性腮腺炎数据进行分析。结果 2005~2015年包头市累计报告流行性腮腺炎4 286例,年均发病率15.70/10万,2012年发病率最高为44.67/10万(P<0.01)。城区发病(354例,年均发病率17.30/10万)高于农牧区(35例,年均发病率5.75/10万)(P<0.01)。发病人群集中在10岁组,发病1 376例(占32.10%),职业以学生(2 652例,占61.88%)最高;男性年平均发病率为19.03/10万、女性为12.16/10万(P<0.01);全年各月均有病例发生,发病高峰与学生在校时间一致,主要集中在4~7月(2 040例,占47.60%)和11~1月(1 106例,占25.80%)。结论流行性腮腺炎呈周期性上升趋势,城区的学校、托幼机构是重点防控场所。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of mumps in Baotou and provide the basis for its prevention and treatment. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze mumps data from 2005 to 2015 in Baotou City. Results A total of 4 286 cases of mumps were reported in Baotou City from 2005 to 2015, with an average annual incidence rate of 15.70 / 100 000. The highest incidence in 2012 was 44.67 / 100 000 (P <0.01). The incidence of urban area (354 cases, the average annual incidence of 17.30 / 100,000) was higher than that of the rural areas and pastoral areas (35 cases, with an average annual incidence of 5.75 / 100,000) (P <0.01). The incidence was concentrated in the 10-year-old group, with 1 376 cases (32.10%) and 2 652 students (61.88%) occupying the highest level. The average annual incidence of males was 19.03 per 100 000 and females 12.16 per 100 000 P <0.01). There were all cases in each month of the year. The peak incidence was consistent with that of the students at school, mainly in 4 to 7 months (2040 cases, 47.60%) and 11 to 1 month (1 106 cases, accounting for 25.80%). Conclusion Mumps showed a cyclical upward trend. Schools and kindergartens in urban areas are the key prevention and control places.