新生儿肺炎虽属新生儿期的常见病,多发病,为儿科医生所熟知,但我院在12年间(1962～1966,1977～1983年),临床诊断为新生儿肺炎,经尸解证实均非新生儿肺炎有18例,为吸取教训,结合临床分析如下: 一、病理诊断先天性心脏病4例:例1:足月男婴,生后窒息,复苏后仍发绀,10小时后出现气促。心前区间Ⅱ级缩鸣,肺闻湿罗音,有心衰死于生后3天。例2:足月小样女婴,母双角子宫行剖宫产术,生后8小时逐渐出现气促发绀,心无杂音,肺闻湿罗音,有心衰下生后2天死亡。以上两例尸解均为主动脉与肺动脉换位、房间隔缺损。例3:足月女婴,先天唇裂,喂奶时口周发绀,气促,心无杂音,肺闻湿罗音,有心衰,死于生后5天。尸解主动脉缩窄症(婴儿型)。例4:足月女婴,生后窒息,复苏后逐渐气促发绀,心率180～200次/分,未闻杂音,肺间 Although neonatal pneumonia is a common neonatal disease, frequently-occurring disease, known to pediatricians, but our hospital in 12 years (1962 ~ 1966, 1977 ~ 1983), clinical diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia confirmed by autopsy Non-neonatal pneumonia in 18 cases, to learn the lessons, combined with the clinical analysis is as follows: First, the pathological diagnosis of congenital heart disease in 4 cases: Example 1: full-term baby boy, postpartum asphyxia, cyanosis still after recovery, 10 hours after the emergence of gas promote. Pre-anterior chamber Ⅱ level Ming Ming lung lung wet rales, heart failure died in 3 days after birth. Example 2: full-term baby girl sample, cesarean section in the uterus hormones row, 8 hours after birth, gradually cramps, no heart noise, lung smell wet rales, heart failure 2 days after birth and death. The above two cases of autopsy are aortic and pulmonary transposition, atrial septal defect. Example 3: full-term baby girl, congenital cleft lip, oral perioral cyanosis during feeding, shortness of breath, heart no noise, lung smell wet rales, heart failure, died of 5 days after birth. Anatomy of the aortic constriction (infantile type). Example 4: full-term baby girl, after birth, suffocation, recovery after the gradual shortness of breath cyanosis, heart rate 180 ~ 200 beats / min, no unheard noise, lung