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国内乙醇胺生产大多采用低温低浓度氨水和环氧乙烷进行反应,反应体系中氨和水的循环量大、反应速度慢、不能按市场要求控制产品分布。本文通过比较不同的反应动力学表达式,选择了较好的反应动力学方法,在Aspen plus中建立了乙醇胺反应过程的模型,对影响反应速度和产品分布的反应温度、氨水浓度、物料混合方式、以及物料配比等因素进行了分析,得出了该反应工艺温度提高到90℃可以使反应速度差不多处于最大值,氨水浓度增大使反应停留时间减少,生产负荷提高。由于氨／环氧乙烷进料摩尔比较大,使物料混合形式对反应速度影响不大,反应过程前后反应速度变化不大。物料返混越大, 氨／环氧乙烷进料摩尔比越大,产品中三乙醇胺占的比例越大,一乙醇胺比例越小。这些反应规律为实际的生产提供了有益的指导。
Most domestic ethanolamine production using low temperature and low concentration of ammonia and ethylene oxide reaction, the reaction system, ammonia and water circulation, reaction speed, can not control the product distribution according to market requirements. In this paper, we compared the different reaction kinetic expressions and chose a good reaction kinetics. The model of ethanolamine reaction was established in Aspen plus. The reaction temperature, the concentration of ammonia and the material mixing mode , As well as the material ratio and other factors were analyzed, and concluded that the reaction process temperature to 90 ℃ can make the reaction rate almost at the maximum, ammonia concentration increases the reaction residence time decreases, the production load increases. Due to the large molar ratio of ammonia / ethylene oxide feed, the mixed form of the material has little effect on the reaction rate, and the reaction speed does not change much before and after the reaction process. The greater the material backmixing, the greater the ammonia / ethylene oxide feed mole ratio, the greater the proportion of triethanolamine in the product, and the smaller the proportion of monoethanolamine. These reaction rules provide useful guidance for actual production.