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为阐明人工驯化对辣椒野生种种子的影响,对辣椒野生种和相应的栽培种在萌发过程中萌发指标、内含物和酶活性等进行了比较分析。结果表明:野生种种子明显小于栽培种,吸水和萌发速率高于栽培种;萌发前中期,野生种的α-淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性较高,可溶性糖和蛋白质含量较高。表明野生种种子偏小,方便传播;较高的酶活性能加快淀粉分解,促进种子萌发;同时,辣椒栽培种种子变大导致了萌发速率和对水环境变化的适应能力的降低,说明野生种的一些优秀基因在人工驯化过程中丢失。因此,在辣椒的杂交育种中应加强野生种资源的引入,达到提高产量和品种的抗逆能力的目的。
In order to clarify the effect of artificial domestication on seeds of wild pepper seeds, the germination indexes, contents and enzyme activities of wild pepper and its corresponding cultivars during the germination process were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the seeds of wild species were obviously smaller than those of cultivated species, and their water absorption and germination rate were higher than those of cultivated species. The wild-type species had higher α-amylase and lipase activity and higher soluble sugar and protein content before and during germination. Indicating that seeds of wild species are small and convenient to spread; higher enzyme activity can accelerate starch decomposition and promote seed germination; at the same time, the growth of capsicum seeds leads to the decrease of germination rate and adaptability to changes in water environment, indicating that wild species Some excellent genes are lost during artificial domestication. Therefore, pepper breeding should be strengthened in the introduction of wild species resources, to improve the yield and variety resilience purposes.