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类比推理是根据对两个事物的比较而进行的推理.通过比较已知 A、B 两种事物在某些属性上相同或相似,并且已知 A 事物还具有另外属性,从而推出 B 事物也具有这种属性.科学上许多伟大的发现都是通过类比推理得到的.开普勒称类比推理是他最好的老师.类比推理能够使人发生联想,由此及彼,举一反三、触类旁通.在物理教学中恰当地运用类比推理,不仅可使学生由浅显的现象明白深奥的道理,而且能够激发学生的学习兴趣,启发学生积极思考,最大限度地调动学生的积极性.
Analogical reasoning is the reasoning based on the comparison of two things. By comparing the known A and B things are identical or similar in some attributes, and A things are known to have other attributes, so the B thing also has This property. Many scientifically great discoveries were made through analogical reasoning. Kepler called analogical reasoning his best teacher. Analogical reasoning can make people associate, and thus, inferences about other things. Appropriate use of analogical reasoning in teaching can not only enable students to understand profound truths from simple phenomena, but also stimulate students’ interest in learning, inspire students to think positively, and mobilize students’ enthusiasm to the maximum.