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马克思在《<政治经济学批判>导言》中指出:“关于艺术,大家知道,它的一定的繁盛时期决不是同社会的一般发展成正比例的,因而也决不是同仿佛是社会组织的骨骼的物质基础的一般发展成正比例的”。这是马克思主义美学的重要命题之一,也是文学艺术对于经济基础的相对独立性所表现出来的发展规律之一。根据马克思的论述,这种不成比例包含着两层含义: 首先,是指整个文学艺术的繁荣并不是都同物质基础的发展水平成正比例的。这可以从纵横两个方面来看。从纵的方面看,在同一个民族、国家里,
In his introduction to Critique of Political Economy, Marx pointed out: “As for art, we all know that its certain period of prosperity is by no means proportionate to the general development of society and therefore it is by no means the same as the bones of social organizations The general development of the material basis is proportionate. ” This is one of the important propositions of Marxist aesthetics. It is also one of the laws governing the development of the relative independence of the economic foundations of literature and art. According to Marx’s argument, this disproportionality implies two meanings: First of all, it means that the prosperity of the entire literary arts is not proportionate to the level of development of the material basis. This can be both vertical and horizontal point of view. From the vertical aspect, in the same nation and country,