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摘 要：循环经济理论，对于区域经济发展在系统观、经济观、价值观、生产观和消费观上提出了新要求。在分析循环经济评价指标基本思路的基础之上，对区域循环经济统计指标体系的建立和综合评价进行研究。
关键词：湖南省；区域循环经济；统计指标体系；综合评价
中图分类号：F124.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-291X（2014）19-0242-04
To evaluate the status of the regional circular economy，there must be a statistical indicator system of circular economy which can scientifically measure the development level of circular economy in every aspect，providing evidence to monitoring and regulating the dynamic process.The idea of circular economy is an imitation of the ecological cycle and self-adaptive functioning mode of nature，a way to plan，organize and manage the social production and reproduction activities of human.Reduction，reusing and recycling （referred to as the 3R principle） are the most basic principles of the selection on statistical indicator system of circular economy.By improving the utilization of resources and recycling material，the purpose is to conserve resources and reduce the burden of the environment.Specifically，the selection of the indicators should be established on the basis of scientific research on the system，which can fully cover the connotation and the degree of realization of strategic objectives for circular economy development.At the meantime，it should also make fully reflection to all aspects of the development of circular economy，the level of regional development，and there should be no overlapping between these indicators.Indicator system is an organic whole resulted from many factors.
一、Circular Economy Development in Hunan Province
According to the statistics department of Hunan，The province's GDP in 2012 reached 2.21542 trillion yuan，which indicates an increase of 11.3%.Among them，the increase of primary industry was 300.42 billion yuan，takes up 3%；the increase of secondary industry was 1.05064 trillion yuan，12.8%；and the increase of tertiary industry was 864.36 billion yuan，that’s an increase of 12.2%.The increase on tertiary industry accounted for 39% of the province’s GDP，increasing 0.7 percentage points.With the development of high energy-consuming industries slowing down，the efforts on energy saving has increased，in 2012 the overall energy consumption of scale industries in Hunan province decreased by 4.4%，the added value energy consumption per unit of that fell by 16.5%.These scale industrial enterprises realized main business income of 2.44256 trillion yuan，an increase of 15.2%；the profits after breakeven is 108.7 billion yuan，an increase of 7.7%[1]. Establishing the assessment indicator system is the foundation for circular economic development，and also the quantitative evaluation tool for assessment of the effect of circular economy.Due to the facts that the circular economy covers a wide range of industries and complex data sources，in line with the principles of refined，practical，easy to get，and strong representation，referring to the weighty standard of circular economy evaluation proposed by scholars home and abroad，we think we can build the assessment system of circular economic development from four parts（sub- systems）：the level of economic development，resource reduction investment，reduction of waste emissions，and the recycling of resources[2].With the current situation of economic development in Hunan Province，the standard values and proportion of every single assessment indicator is showed in Table 1：
In 2012，the province’s three industrial structure was 13.6∶47.4∶39.Industrial added value accounted for 41.3% of GDP，unchanged from the previous year；the added value of high-tech industry makes 15% proportion of GDP，up 0.3 percentage points over the previous year.The primary，secondary and tertiary industry each contributed 3.6%，54% and 42.4% to the economic growth rate.Among them，the contribution to the economic growth rate of industrial added value is 49.6%；the rate for production services is 19.1%.The added value of Non-public economy is 1.27912 trillion yuan，an increase of 13%，a proportion of 57.7% of GDP.In terms of every single region，the GDP of “Chang-zhu-tan area” is 944.17 billion，an increase of 12.7% over the previous year；Ring of Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan City Group made 1.76607 trillion yuan，up 12.4 percent；Southern Hunan 452.35 billion yuan，an increase of 11.8 %；Western Hunan 87.01 billion yuan，an increase of 11.3%[3].
In comprehensive evaluation of multi-index，there is often an incommensurability among the indicator.Through dimensionless method for each indicator，the incommensurability can be eliminated[4].
二、Research on the evaluation of circular economy in Hunan
There are several commonly used indicators weighting method，According to determining method of weight，these can be roughly divided into two categories：subjective weighting method and objective weighting method.These two types both have advantages as well as disadvantages，you cannot simply assume that the objective weighting method is superior to the subjective weighting method.The selection of the appropriate indicators weighting method must be based on some factors like the evaluating and monitoring purposes on specific issues，the characteristics of the object of study，etc. According to the research purpose，we chose the linear weighting method as the comprehensive evaluation model of circular economy.The advantages of linear weighting method is widely used，concise and unambiguous operation.Calculating individual index in the standard value，multiplied by the sum of the corresponding direct weight，then the comprehensive index of the evaluated region can be obtained.Four composite index can also be calculated，and that needs comprehensive comparison and analysis on four different region[5].
Using the relevant statistical data of Hunan Province in 2011，circular economic indicators of 14 prefectures were calculated，and the results are shown in Table 3：
From the comprehensive evaluation results，the circular economy development of 14 prefectures in Hunan can be divided into three categories from high to low [6～7]：
1.Zhangjiajie，Changsha，Yongzhou，Huaihua，Yiyang，etc.This is an area in which the circular economic development has reached a strong level.The comprehensive evaluation index of these five regions are at a high level，and the advantage lies in the level of economic development and resources investment.Due to the good economy and social base，there is a high proportion of tertiary industry，and there are more balances in resource reduction，waste emission reduction，resources recycling and so on.
2.The Western states，Zhuzhou，Shaoyang，Changde，etc.These are region s with general level.The comprehensive evaluation index in these areas are at the middle level，as for resource reduction，waste emission reduction，resources recycling and so on，their development is not comprehensive，each region has its own merits and drawbacks.
3.Hengyang，Chenzhou，Xiangtan，Loudi，etc.These are the worst areas for circular economic development.The economic and social development of these areas is relatively weak，while the resource reduction，waste emission reduction，resources recycling，etc.aspects are at a disadvantage，causing its final index to the lowest.
关键词：湖南省；区域循环经济；统计指标体系；综合评价
中图分类号：F124.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-291X（2014）19-0242-04
To evaluate the status of the regional circular economy，there must be a statistical indicator system of circular economy which can scientifically measure the development level of circular economy in every aspect，providing evidence to monitoring and regulating the dynamic process.The idea of circular economy is an imitation of the ecological cycle and self-adaptive functioning mode of nature，a way to plan，organize and manage the social production and reproduction activities of human.Reduction，reusing and recycling （referred to as the 3R principle） are the most basic principles of the selection on statistical indicator system of circular economy.By improving the utilization of resources and recycling material，the purpose is to conserve resources and reduce the burden of the environment.Specifically，the selection of the indicators should be established on the basis of scientific research on the system，which can fully cover the connotation and the degree of realization of strategic objectives for circular economy development.At the meantime，it should also make fully reflection to all aspects of the development of circular economy，the level of regional development，and there should be no overlapping between these indicators.Indicator system is an organic whole resulted from many factors.
一、Circular Economy Development in Hunan Province
According to the statistics department of Hunan，The province's GDP in 2012 reached 2.21542 trillion yuan，which indicates an increase of 11.3%.Among them，the increase of primary industry was 300.42 billion yuan，takes up 3%；the increase of secondary industry was 1.05064 trillion yuan，12.8%；and the increase of tertiary industry was 864.36 billion yuan，that’s an increase of 12.2%.The increase on tertiary industry accounted for 39% of the province’s GDP，increasing 0.7 percentage points.With the development of high energy-consuming industries slowing down，the efforts on energy saving has increased，in 2012 the overall energy consumption of scale industries in Hunan province decreased by 4.4%，the added value energy consumption per unit of that fell by 16.5%.These scale industrial enterprises realized main business income of 2.44256 trillion yuan，an increase of 15.2%；the profits after breakeven is 108.7 billion yuan，an increase of 7.7%[1]. Establishing the assessment indicator system is the foundation for circular economic development，and also the quantitative evaluation tool for assessment of the effect of circular economy.Due to the facts that the circular economy covers a wide range of industries and complex data sources，in line with the principles of refined，practical，easy to get，and strong representation，referring to the weighty standard of circular economy evaluation proposed by scholars home and abroad，we think we can build the assessment system of circular economic development from four parts（sub- systems）：the level of economic development，resource reduction investment，reduction of waste emissions，and the recycling of resources[2].With the current situation of economic development in Hunan Province，the standard values and proportion of every single assessment indicator is showed in Table 1：
In 2012，the province’s three industrial structure was 13.6∶47.4∶39.Industrial added value accounted for 41.3% of GDP，unchanged from the previous year；the added value of high-tech industry makes 15% proportion of GDP，up 0.3 percentage points over the previous year.The primary，secondary and tertiary industry each contributed 3.6%，54% and 42.4% to the economic growth rate.Among them，the contribution to the economic growth rate of industrial added value is 49.6%；the rate for production services is 19.1%.The added value of Non-public economy is 1.27912 trillion yuan，an increase of 13%，a proportion of 57.7% of GDP.In terms of every single region，the GDP of “Chang-zhu-tan area” is 944.17 billion，an increase of 12.7% over the previous year；Ring of Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan City Group made 1.76607 trillion yuan，up 12.4 percent；Southern Hunan 452.35 billion yuan，an increase of 11.8 %；Western Hunan 87.01 billion yuan，an increase of 11.3%[3].
In comprehensive evaluation of multi-index，there is often an incommensurability among the indicator.Through dimensionless method for each indicator，the incommensurability can be eliminated[4].
二、Research on the evaluation of circular economy in Hunan
There are several commonly used indicators weighting method，According to determining method of weight，these can be roughly divided into two categories：subjective weighting method and objective weighting method.These two types both have advantages as well as disadvantages，you cannot simply assume that the objective weighting method is superior to the subjective weighting method.The selection of the appropriate indicators weighting method must be based on some factors like the evaluating and monitoring purposes on specific issues，the characteristics of the object of study，etc. According to the research purpose，we chose the linear weighting method as the comprehensive evaluation model of circular economy.The advantages of linear weighting method is widely used，concise and unambiguous operation.Calculating individual index in the standard value，multiplied by the sum of the corresponding direct weight，then the comprehensive index of the evaluated region can be obtained.Four composite index can also be calculated，and that needs comprehensive comparison and analysis on four different region[5].
Using the relevant statistical data of Hunan Province in 2011，circular economic indicators of 14 prefectures were calculated，and the results are shown in Table 3：
From the comprehensive evaluation results，the circular economy development of 14 prefectures in Hunan can be divided into three categories from high to low [6～7]：
1.Zhangjiajie，Changsha，Yongzhou，Huaihua，Yiyang，etc.This is an area in which the circular economic development has reached a strong level.The comprehensive evaluation index of these five regions are at a high level，and the advantage lies in the level of economic development and resources investment.Due to the good economy and social base，there is a high proportion of tertiary industry，and there are more balances in resource reduction，waste emission reduction，resources recycling and so on.
2.The Western states，Zhuzhou，Shaoyang，Changde，etc.These are region s with general level.The comprehensive evaluation index in these areas are at the middle level，as for resource reduction，waste emission reduction，resources recycling and so on，their development is not comprehensive，each region has its own merits and drawbacks.
3.Hengyang，Chenzhou，Xiangtan，Loudi，etc.These are the worst areas for circular economic development.The economic and social development of these areas is relatively weak，while the resource reduction，waste emission reduction，resources recycling，etc.aspects are at a disadvantage，causing its final index to the lowest.