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目的 研究被虐待儿童的临床特征及流行病学特征 ,寻求预防干预措施。方法 采用统一表格及方法和判断标准 ,回顾性调查和分析 1998年 1月～ 1999年 12月期间 86例被虐待儿童的临床资料和流行病学资料。结果 受虐待儿童男女之比为 0 .76∶1,女孩多于男孩 ,年龄以 3～ 16岁居多 ,占 6 0 .46 %。发病季节以春冬季为主 ,分别占 32 .5 6 %和 33 .72 %。虐待方式以身体虐待为主 ,占45 .34%。损伤类型以皮肤软组织和四肢骨折为主 ,分别占 30 .2 3 %和 11.2 7% ,心理行为异常占2 4.41%。死亡 14例占 16 .2 7%。虐待者文盲及低于小学文化程度者 5 5人占 6 4%。结论 虐待可使小儿身心健康受到严重损害 ,甚至死亡。女孩多于男孩 ,以皮肤软组织损伤为主 ,虐待者文化程度较低 ,故应加强宣传教育及防范干预措施 ,以防止虐待儿童的发生。
Objective To study the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of abused children and to seek preventive interventions. Methods A total of 86 cases of abused children from January 1998 to December 1999 were retrospectively surveyed and analyzed with clinical data and epidemiological data using a unified form and methods and criteria. Results The ratio of male to female in abused children was 0.76: 1. There were more girls than boys and the majority were aged 3-16, accounting for 60.46%. The onset season was dominated by spring and winter, accounting for 32.56% and 33.72% respectively. Abuse was mainly physical abuse, accounting for 45.34%. The main types of injuries were skin and soft tissue and limb fractures, accounting for 30.23% and 11.27% respectively, and mental disorders accounted for 2.41%. 14 cases died of 16.27%. Illiterate illiterates and those below the level of primary education accounted for 64% of the total. Conclusion Abuse can seriously damage the physical and mental health of children and even death. More girls than boys, mainly skin and soft tissue injuries, abusers with a lower education level, it should strengthen publicity and education and prevention interventions to prevent the abuse of children.