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目的了解高速铁路机车乘务员的心理健康状况,为改善高速铁路机车劳动条件提出科学预防措施。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选取广州机务段全体高速铁路机车乘务员170名男性为研究对象,以普通列车男性机车乘务员284人为对照组,用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对其进行评定与比较。结果高速铁路机车乘务员170人中有78人(45.88%)SCL-90总分>160,其中精神病性和强迫症状的因子的阳性检出率最高;高速铁路机车乘务员SCL-90总分和各个因子得分均高于普通列车机车乘务员(均有P<0.05);随着高铁工龄的增加各因子得分均增加;对影响得分的因素进行多元回归分析,年龄、文化、饮酒、吸烟、机车驾驶工龄、高铁驾驶工龄均对SCL-90得分有影响。结论与普通列车机车乘务员相比高速铁路机车乘务员承受着更大的心理压力。
Objective To understand the mental health status of the locomotive crew in high-speed railway and provide scientific precautionary measures to improve the working conditions of the high-speed railway locomotive. Methods A total of 170 males from Guangzhou locomotive depot locomotives were selected as study objects by cluster sampling method. 284 males of ordinary train locomotives were selected as the control group and scored by SCL-90 Compared with. Results There were 78 (45.88%) of 170 high-speed railway locomotive flight attendants with a total SCL-90 score> 160, of which the positive rate of psychotic and obsessive-compulsive symptoms was the highest. The SCL-90 score of high-speed railway locomotive crew and each factor Scores of all factors were higher than that of ordinary train locomotive flight attendants (all P <0.05); with the increase of senior high-speed rail, the scores of all factors increased; multiple regression analysis of factors influencing scores, age, culture, drinking, smoking, High-speed rail driving length of service have an impact SCL-90 score. Conclusions Compared with ordinary train locomotive crew members, high-speed railway locomotive crew members are under greater psychological pressure.