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目的了解农村饮用水卫生状况,为进一步推进农村改水工作、保障村民生活饮用水安全提供科学依据。方法2007-2008年对不同类型水源的农村自来水厂进行枯水期和丰水期水质卫生监测与评价,水质监测包括感官性状、理化、微生物等20项指标。结果长江水源的农村饮用水水质合格率为100%,内河水源合格率为75%,水库水源合格率为20%。不合格指标为色度、浑浊度、铁、耗氧量、游离余氯、菌落总数及总大肠菌群。不同类型水源的农村饮用水水质比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论以内河及水库为水源的农村饮水存在卫生安全隐患。建议实行以长江为水源的区域供水,确保饮水的卫生质量。
Objective To understand the sanitary status of rural drinking water and provide scientific basis for further promoting water diversion in rural areas and safeguarding the safety of villagers drinking water. Methods From 2007 to 2008, rural waterworks of different types of water sources were monitored and evaluated for the health of water quality in dry season and wet season. The water quality monitoring included 20 indicators such as sensory traits, physicochemical properties and microorganisms. Results The drinking water quality of rural drinking water in the Yangtze River was 100%, that of inland water was 75% and that of reservoir was 20%. Unqualified indicators of color, turbidity, iron, oxygen consumption, free residual chlorine, the total number of colonies and total coliform bacteria. The quality of drinking water in rural areas of different types of water sources was significantly different (P <0.001). Conclusions There is a health and safety risk in rural drinking water which uses inland rivers and reservoirs as water sources. It is suggested to provide water supply to the Yangtze River to ensure the sanitary quality of drinking water.