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英语的正常语序是“主语 + 谓语”，即主语在前，谓语在后。 有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。例如：
The bus came here. （正常语序）
Here came the bus. （完全倒装）
一、倒装句的定义
倒装（Inversion）是一种语法手段，用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要。英语最基本的结构是主、谓结构，倒装就是将这种比较固定的结构加以颠倒，即谓语或谓语的部分位于主语之前。
二、倒装有两种
1.完全倒装（Complete Inversion）：将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来的倒装。例如：
In came a woman with yellow hair.
2.部分倒装（Partial Inversion）：只将助动词（包括情态动词）移至主语之前的倒装。例如：
Only in this way can you improve your English.
三、倒装句的用法
（一） 完全倒装
1.用于there be句型。例如：
There are many students on the playground.
2.用于“here （there， now， then） +vi +主语”的句型中，或以out， in， up， down， away 等副词开头的句子，以示强调。例如：
Here comes the bus. There goes the bell.
3.有时为了生动，或为了强调表语或状语，或使句子平衡而倒装。例如：
（1）North of the town lies a big iron factory.
（2）At the head of the queue was an old man.
4.用于so， nor， neither开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容。原句的谓语应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致。例如：
He has been to Xi’an. So have we.
Li Lei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.
注意：如果so 不含“也”的意思，即使在开头，也不倒装。例如：
—It was fine yesterday.
—So it was.
（二）部分倒装
1.only修饰的状语提前时。例如：
Only then did I begin to know her.
2.某些表示否定意义的词或词组，如： never， hardly， seldom， scarcely， little， few， at no time， by no means， nowhere， not a bit等在句首时。例如：
（1）Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.
（2）Hardly can I believe that.
3.当not only ... but also， not until， no sooner... than， hardly... when在句首时，要倒装。注意在这些句型中倒装的位置。not only...but also...句型中，前一个分句倒装，后一个分句不倒装。例如：
Not only did he go to Beijing ，but he went to HongKong.
not until ... 句型中，复合句的前面从句不倒装，后面的主句倒装。例如：
Not until she saw the present did she feel happy.
No sooner... than...， hardly...when的句型中，后面从句不倒装，前面主句倒装。例如：
No sooner had he finished the talk than a man stood up and put forward a question.
Hardly had I enter the army when I felt very proud.
4.以as 引导的让步从句，谓语动词以后的部分倒装（提前到as 之前）。例如：
（1）Fine as it is， I shall not go out.
（2）Child as he is， he knows a lot.
5.省略了if的条件句中，were， had 或 should 可提前至句首构成部分倒装。例如：
Were I not so busy， I should go with you.
Had he been here yesterday， he would have come to watch the football match.
6.在so...that（如此...以致于）句型中，若so...提前到句首构成部分倒装。例如：
So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.
So loudly did he speak that people in the next room could hear him. 7.用于某些表示祝愿的句子。例如：
（1）May you succeed！
（2）Long live China！
8.用于疑问句。例如：
Do you speak English？
四、高考常见考点
1. well， so ， long等副词放于句首时，表示强调必须采用倒装语序；但时间副词在句首加强语气时倒装与不倒装均可。例如：
Twice within my lifetime have world wars taken place.
= Twice within my lifetime world wars have taken place.
这样的短语还有： many a time （多次）
2. 让步状语从句如由as来引导则要采用倒装语序：名词/ 形容词/ 副词/ 动词+ as +主语 +动词 + 主句。例如：
Woman as she is ， she is courageous.
让步状语从句中还有其他句型如下：
Be he a king or a peasant， he shall be punished.
Be a man ever so rich， he should not sit idle and do nothing.
3. here， there 位于句首时，也是一种感叹句，要采用倒装语序。例如：
Here comes the bus.（主语是名词，须倒装）
Here he comes. （主语是代词，不倒装）
介词 / 副词+动词+主语。如：Away flies the bird.
介词 / 副词+代词+动词。如：Away it flew.
4. 否定词在句首要采用倒装语序，这些词常有：barely / by no means / in no case / in no way / not on any account / hardly / scarcely / in no time （立刻）/ in vain（无效） / little / never / no sooner...than = hardly...when / not / not a bit / not until / nowhere / rarely / seldom / still less 等。
例1： No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
例2： Seldom do I go to work by bus.
The bus came here. （正常语序）
Here came the bus. （完全倒装）
一、倒装句的定义
倒装（Inversion）是一种语法手段，用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要。英语最基本的结构是主、谓结构，倒装就是将这种比较固定的结构加以颠倒，即谓语或谓语的部分位于主语之前。
二、倒装有两种
1.完全倒装（Complete Inversion）：将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来的倒装。例如：
In came a woman with yellow hair.
2.部分倒装（Partial Inversion）：只将助动词（包括情态动词）移至主语之前的倒装。例如：
Only in this way can you improve your English.
三、倒装句的用法
（一） 完全倒装
1.用于there be句型。例如：
There are many students on the playground.
2.用于“here （there， now， then） +vi +主语”的句型中，或以out， in， up， down， away 等副词开头的句子，以示强调。例如：
Here comes the bus. There goes the bell.
3.有时为了生动，或为了强调表语或状语，或使句子平衡而倒装。例如：
（1）North of the town lies a big iron factory.
（2）At the head of the queue was an old man.
4.用于so， nor， neither开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容。原句的谓语应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致。例如：
He has been to Xi’an. So have we.
Li Lei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.
注意：如果so 不含“也”的意思，即使在开头，也不倒装。例如：
—It was fine yesterday.
—So it was.
（二）部分倒装
1.only修饰的状语提前时。例如：
Only then did I begin to know her.
2.某些表示否定意义的词或词组，如： never， hardly， seldom， scarcely， little， few， at no time， by no means， nowhere， not a bit等在句首时。例如：
（1）Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.
（2）Hardly can I believe that.
3.当not only ... but also， not until， no sooner... than， hardly... when在句首时，要倒装。注意在这些句型中倒装的位置。not only...but also...句型中，前一个分句倒装，后一个分句不倒装。例如：
Not only did he go to Beijing ，but he went to HongKong.
not until ... 句型中，复合句的前面从句不倒装，后面的主句倒装。例如：
Not until she saw the present did she feel happy.
No sooner... than...， hardly...when的句型中，后面从句不倒装，前面主句倒装。例如：
No sooner had he finished the talk than a man stood up and put forward a question.
Hardly had I enter the army when I felt very proud.
4.以as 引导的让步从句，谓语动词以后的部分倒装（提前到as 之前）。例如：
（1）Fine as it is， I shall not go out.
（2）Child as he is， he knows a lot.
5.省略了if的条件句中，were， had 或 should 可提前至句首构成部分倒装。例如：
Were I not so busy， I should go with you.
Had he been here yesterday， he would have come to watch the football match.
6.在so...that（如此...以致于）句型中，若so...提前到句首构成部分倒装。例如：
So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.
So loudly did he speak that people in the next room could hear him. 7.用于某些表示祝愿的句子。例如：
（1）May you succeed！
（2）Long live China！
8.用于疑问句。例如：
Do you speak English？
四、高考常见考点
1. well， so ， long等副词放于句首时，表示强调必须采用倒装语序；但时间副词在句首加强语气时倒装与不倒装均可。例如：
Twice within my lifetime have world wars taken place.
= Twice within my lifetime world wars have taken place.
这样的短语还有： many a time （多次）
2. 让步状语从句如由as来引导则要采用倒装语序：名词/ 形容词/ 副词/ 动词+ as +主语 +动词 + 主句。例如：
Woman as she is ， she is courageous.
让步状语从句中还有其他句型如下：
Be he a king or a peasant， he shall be punished.
Be a man ever so rich， he should not sit idle and do nothing.
3. here， there 位于句首时，也是一种感叹句，要采用倒装语序。例如：
Here comes the bus.（主语是名词，须倒装）
Here he comes. （主语是代词，不倒装）
介词 / 副词+动词+主语。如：Away flies the bird.
介词 / 副词+代词+动词。如：Away it flew.
4. 否定词在句首要采用倒装语序，这些词常有：barely / by no means / in no case / in no way / not on any account / hardly / scarcely / in no time （立刻）/ in vain（无效） / little / never / no sooner...than = hardly...when / not / not a bit / not until / nowhere / rarely / seldom / still less 等。
例1： No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
例2： Seldom do I go to work by bus.