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目的通过对某铸件制造企业的职业病危害因素检测,确定产生危害的主要环节和工序,为制定综合控制措施提供依据。方法根据现场调查确定存在的职业病危害因素主要为化学有害因素、粉尘和噪声,按国标要求采样、检测、判定。结果监测岗位噪声强度超标率75.0%,接触粉尘岗位矽尘浓度(短时间接触浓度和时间加权平均浓度)均超标,浇铸、熔化岗位一氧化碳浓度和泡漆岗位甲苯、二甲苯浓度超过职业接触限值。结论该铸造业存在粉尘、毒物、噪声等职业危害因素。
OBJECTIVE To determine the main links and processes that cause harm through the detection of occupational hazards in a casting manufacturing enterprise and provide the basis for the formulation of comprehensive control measures. Methods According to the field investigation, the main risk factors of occupational diseases were chemical harmful factors, dust and noise. According to the requirements of national standard, sampling, testing and judgment were made. Results The exceeding standard rate of 75.0% of the noise intensity of the monitoring posts was exceeded, and the concentration of silica dust in the dust contact positions (short-term contact time and weighted average concentration) were exceeded. The concentration of carbon monoxide in the post-casting and melting jobs and the concentration of toluene and xylene in the paint jobs exceeded the occupational exposure limits . Conclusion There are occupational hazards such as dust, poison and noise in the foundry industry.