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基于隧道上方存在充水溶洞时容易对开挖造成很高的风险性,因此要预留一定的安全岩墙确保施工安全。通过数值模拟对比分析了隧道顶部正侧和上方侧向存在充水溶洞时对隧道开挖围岩稳定性的影响,计算结果表明:在自重应力作用下,隧道开挖后塑性区与充水溶洞塑性区贯通后易造成隧道涌水塌方;当隧道顶部和侧向存在充水溶洞时,如果洞径比小于1.0,建议安全岩墙的厚度应分别至少预留0.8倍隧道洞径和1.0倍隧道洞径;而洞径比大于1.0时,则安全岩墙厚度应分别至少大于1.0倍隧道洞径和1.2倍隧道洞径。
Because of the high risk of excavation when water-filled caverns exist above the tunnel, a certain safety rock wall should be reserved to ensure the construction safety. Through numerical simulation, the influence of water-filled caverns on the lateral sides of the tunnel at the top of the tunnel is compared and analyzed. The results show that under the action of self-weight stress, the plastic zone and water-filled caverns If the hole diameter ratio is less than 1.0 at the top and side of the tunnel, it is recommended that the thickness of the safety rock wall should be reserved for at least 0.8 times the tunnel diameter and 1.0 times the tunnel hole respectively Diameter; and the hole diameter ratio greater than 1.0, the thickness of the safety rock wall should be at least greater than 1.0 times the tunnel diameter and 1.2 times the tunnel diameter.