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20世纪70年代,戴尔·海姆斯提出交际能力一词,逐渐引起人们对语言的认识的改变,由认为语言是一个结构的、抽象的系统到认为语言是一个社会的、语义系统。这种认识转向对语言学转向至关重要,从此不同语言学流派迅速发展带来学术繁荣。同时,语言学的功能转向给语言教学及二语习得带来启发。在语言教学上,交际教学法兴起并在教学上取得卓越成就。在二语习得上,更加注重语言输入与环境的互动,学生对同伴老师反馈有效策略的选择,对提高学生的交际能力有重要意义。
In the 1970s, by introducing the word communicative competence, Dale Helms gradually aroused the change of people’s understanding of language from thinking that language is a structural and abstract system to thinking that language is a social and semantic system. This understanding turned to linguistic turn crucial, since then the rapid development of different schools of linguistics brought academic prosperity. At the same time, the function of linguistics has shifted to inspire language teaching and second language acquisition. In language teaching, communicative approach has arisen and made outstanding achievements in teaching. In second language acquisition, more emphasis is placed on the interaction between language input and the environment. The choice of effective strategies for feedback from fellow teachers is of great significance to improving students’ communicative competence.