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在英格兰及威尔士,年在50—64岁之间失明最多的原因是糖尿病性视网膜病变。它分两大类:背底(background)或“单纯”视网膜病变,主要的包括微动脉瘤,出血,硬性渗出及视网膜水肿。增殖性或“恶性”视网膜病变,特点是新生血管形成及伴有纤维组织。增殖性视网膜病变视力预后很坏,但单纯视网膜病变很普遍,尤其是糖尿病年龄在50岁或50岁以上者。当病变侵犯黄斑部时视力影响严重。老年糖尿病者黄斑部病变造成糖尿病性失明数量是很多的。
In England and Wales, the most common cause of blindness between 50 and 64 years of age is diabetic retinopathy. It falls into two broad categories: the background or “mere” retinopathy, mainly including aneurysm, hemorrhage, hard exudate, and retinal edema. Proliferative or “malignant” retinopathy, characterized by neovascularization and associated with fibrous tissue. Prognosis of proliferative retinopathy is very poor, but simple retinopathy is very common, especially in patients with diabetes 50 years of age or older. Visual acuity is severely affected when the lesion is involved in the macula. Diabetic patients with macular degeneration caused by the number of diabetic blindness is very large.