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两个及两个以上物体间的相互作用问题的求解是学生解题的难点,又是高考命题的热点。下面就此类问题的教学及求解谈点粗浅的体会。一、问题的提出碰撞指相对运动的物体相遇,在极短时间内运动状态发生显著变化的过程。碰撞的特点是物体间相互作用时间极短而作用力极大。但现在许多问题常常是相互作用过程持续的时间较长,相互作用并不很大,有些情况作用力还是恒力。这类问题我们可以把它们视为碰撞的范性过程或弹性过程。要使学生能顺利掌握解决该问题的要领,就要求我们在教学中必须把碰撞的机理通过具体问题展示给学生,使他们弄清楚碰撞的物理过程。
The solution to the problem of the interaction between two or more objects is a difficult point for students to solve the problem, and it is also a hot spot for college entrance examination propositions. The following discussion on the teaching and solving of such problems can be superficial. First, the proposed collision refers to the process in which relatively moving objects meet and the movement state changes significantly in a very short time. Collisions are characterized by extremely short interaction times between objects and great forces. However, many problems are often caused by the long duration of the interaction process and the interaction is not large. In some cases, the force is constant. We can think of these kinds of problems as a paradigmatic or elastic process of collisions. To enable students to master the essentials of solving this problem, we must show the mechanism of the collision to students through specific problems in teaching so that they can understand the physical process of collision.