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Popper的证伪论或证伪法长于重大的理论创造 ,能够挽救有意义的科学命题 ,但有重大缺陷 (完全抛弃归纳法等 )。考虑到中国语言学界的传统特点与现状 ,本文提供两个可操作的“证伪最简模型” ,模型之一指出 :何时启动证伪程序 ,如何避免提出明显荒唐的猜想。模型之二是对证伪法的改造 :它加进了局部性归纳 ,又保住了证伪法长于重大理论假设或猜想的优势 ,还便于具体操作。
Popper’s falsification or falsification is longer than major theoretical creations and can save meaningful scientific propositions, but with major pitfalls (completely deserting induction, etc.). In view of the traditional features and current situation of Chinese linguistics, this paper provides two operable “fake minimal models”. One of the models states: When to start the fake programs and how to avoid the obviously ridiculous conjecture. The second model is the transformation of the falsification law: it adds a local inductive, but also keep the falsification law longer than the major theoretical assumptions or conjectures, but also facilitate the specific operation.