马建忠的《马氏文通》一开头就谈到虚实划分的问题。他批评了曾国藩的说法。曾氏在解释刘向《说苑》中的“春风风人 ,夏雨雨人”时 ,说在这些两字相同的句法中 ,上一字为实字 ,下一字为虚字。其实 ,曾氏讲的是个别词的用法问题 ,而不是分类的问题。拿今天的术语来说 ,前边的“ Ma Jianzhong’s “Ma’s Wen Tong” at the beginning of the talk about the division of the actual situation. He criticized Zeng’s statement. When explaining the “spring breeze, summer rain” in Liu Xiang’s Shuyuan, Zeng said that in the same syntax of these two words, the last word is the real word and the next word is the imaginary word. In fact, Tseng’s talk is about the usage of individual words rather than the problem of classification. Take today’s terminology, the front of the "