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目的了解计免时期不同阶段和免疫规划时期疫苗可预防的麻疹、白喉、百日咳、脊灰等4种传染病流行趋势,评价免疫规划对传染病的控制和消灭所发挥的作用效果。方法对1978-2010年漳浦县4种中传染病疫情资料和1990-2009年接种率资料进行分析。结果 1978-2010年4种传染病发病呈逐年下降趋势,计免时期第1阶段(1978-1985年)4种传染病年平均发病率最高(130.47/10万);免疫规划时期(2001-2010年)年平均发病率最低(0.35/10万),年均发病率相比下降99.7%,发病数减少6 546例。1990-2009年脊灰、麻疹和百白破疫苗的接种率均在90%以上。结论规范预防接种,提高接种质量,保持高接种率,扩大疫苗接种品种和范围,是控制相应传染病流行的最好武器。
Objective To understand the epidemiological trend of measles, diphtheria, pertussis and poliomyelitis that can be prevented in different periods of immunization schedule and immunization schedule and to evaluate the effect of immunization program on the control and elimination of infectious diseases. Methods The epidemiological data of four kinds of infectious diseases in Zhangpu County from 1978 to 2010 and the data of inoculation rates in 1990-2009 were analyzed. Results The incidence of four infectious diseases showed a decreasing trend year by year from 1978 to 2010. The average incidence of the four infectious diseases was the highest (130.47 / 100000) in the first stage of the exemption period (1978-1985) Year) the lowest average annual incidence (0.35 / 100000), the annual average incidence decreased 99.7%, the incidence of 6 546 cases decreased. The immunization rates of polio, measles and diphtheria were 90% or more between 1990 and 2009. Conclusion It is the best weapon to control the epidemic of the corresponding infectious disease by standardizing vaccination, improving vaccination quality, maintaining high vaccination rate and expanding vaccination varieties and scope.