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针对公司在发动机缸体生产后放置过程中铸件表面出现异常锈斑的问题,对锈斑出现的相关原因进行了分析研究,并对可能出现的有关影响因素进行了排查,发现导致锈斑出现的夹渣很可能来源于未熔的孕育剂。为此,采用化学成分分析、颗粒尺寸测量、金相显微观察、扫描电镜及能谱分析等分析手段,对缸体铸造过程中所使用的孕育剂进行全面的分析研究。结果表明,孕育剂化学成分不符合要求、孕育剂粒度过大、孕育剂中元素分配不均匀是造成孕育浇注过程中孕育剂残留并形成Ba、Ca、Al元素富集区从而导致锈斑出现的根本原因。
Aiming at the problem of abnormal rust appearing on the casting surface during the process of placing the engine block in the engine block, the related causes of the rust spot were analyzed and the possible influencing factors were investigated. It was found that the slag inclusion May come from unincorporated inoculants. Therefore, the inoculants used in the process of casting the cylinder block were comprehensively analyzed by means of chemical composition analysis, particle size measurement, metallographic observation, scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis. The results showed that the chemical composition of inoculant did not meet the requirements, the inoculant particle size was too large, and the uneven distribution of the element in the inoculant was the root cause of the emergence of rust in the inoculant residues and the formation of Ba, Ca and Al enrichment zone the reason.