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文章旨在研究言语行为在一审民事判决书法庭意见中的运用及其对实现民事判决书目的的作用。全文以一审民事判决书的法庭意见部分为研究对象,在收集一定数量语料的基础上,对其中的语句按照塞尔对言语行为的分类标准进行了归类,并展示了各类言语行为在案例中出现的情况,分析了其所起的作用。结果表明,断言、宣告、指令和承诺四类言语行为在一审民事判决书这种司法语篇中的确大量存在,且起着重要作用,有助于实现判决书定纷止争的目的。
The purpose of this article is to study the application of speech act in the court opinion of civil judgments in first instance and its role in the realization of the bibliography of civil judgments. The full text takes the court opinion part of civil judgments of the first instance as the research object. Based on the collection of a certain amount of corpus, the sentences are categorized according to the classification criteria of speech acts by Sellers, and the various types of speech acts are demonstrated in the case What happened, analyzed its role. The results show that the four types of verbal acts of assertion, declaration, instruction and commitment do exist in a large extent in the judicial discourse of civil judgments in first instance and play an important role in helping to achieve the purpose of resolving disputes.