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关于普通法的形成一直是众多法律史学家所关注的论题,而对于深受大陆法传统影响的我们来说,普通法所有的一切都会引起我们的兴趣和疑问。其中尤其是普通法形成的原因,究竟是什么原因诱使普通法沿着这样的一条轨迹发展?本文就普通法发展过程中的重大细节和时间加以分析以便对普通法形成的各种诱因有所客观的了解。普通法是建立在古老的习惯法之上的,诺曼征服之前流行的习惯法到亨利二世时期法律上的改革都是普通法形成的关键所在。我们一般认为普通法源自普通法院的司法活动,其中普通法院的司法权的不断扩张更是起着关键的作用,纵观这一系列的变化我们就会发现其中的偶然性因素。本文将在此基础上加以讨论。
The formation of the common law has always been the subject of much attention by legal historians, and for us, deeply influenced by the traditions of continental law, everything in common law will arouse our interest and doubt. In particular, what is the reason for the formation of the common law, which is why the common law was induced to follow such a trajectory? This article analyzes the major details and the timing of the development of common law so as to give some reasons for the formation of common law. Objective understanding. The common law is based on ancient customary law. Norman conquest of the pre-popular common law to Henry II legal reforms are the key to the formation of common law. We generally believe that the common law comes from the judicial activities of the ordinary courts. The constant expansion of the judicial power of ordinary courts is even more crucial. Looking at this series of changes, we will find out the contingency factors involved. This article will be based on this discussion.