本文报道一例来自子宫内膜息肉的小细胞(燕麦细胞)癌。患者59岁,肥胖,轻度高血压,4年前绝经期用过雌激素类治疗.后因绝经后阴道出血而行刮宫,诊断为未分化癌。二周后行子宫、双侧附件和主动脉旁淋巴结切除术。术后阴道治疗8,000拉德.病理检查:子宫中度增大,宫腔扩张,腔内见5×3.5cm~2大小的息肉状肿物,切面灰白,质均.镜检见小而中度变间的细胞增生,核分裂多见,伴有小灶性坏死.瘤细胞呈带状,花瓣状和玫瑰花样。少数呈血管周围的“假玫瑰花样”.其蒂部由富有纤维的间质绕以分化良好的内膜腺体组成,一些残存的由膜腺体整个被间变的增生细胞包绕,息肉外内膜及子宫肌层未见肿瘤浸润.Grimelius 染色约10%的瘤细胞可见嗜银颗粒,但未见于内膜息肉中的良性腺体或其余子宫 This article reports one case of a small cell (oat cell) cancer from an endometrial polyp. The patient was 59 years old and was obese and mildly hypertensive. She had been treated with estrogens 4 years before menopause. She was cured by vaginal bleeding after menopause and diagnosed as undifferentiated carcinoma. Uterus, bilateral appendages and paraaortic lymph node dissection were performed two weeks later. Postoperative vaginal treatment for 8,000 rads. Pathological examination: moderately enlarged uterus, dilated uterine cavity, 5×3.5cm~2 size polypoid tumor in the cavity, grayish cut surface, qualitative average. Microscopic examination showed small and moderate The cell proliferation between changes, nuclear fission more common, with small focal necrosis. The tumor cells were banded, petaloid and rose pattern. A small number of “pseudo rose patterns” around the blood vessels. The pedicles are composed of fibrin-rich mesenchyme around well-differentiated endometrium glands. Some of the remaining membranous glands are surrounded by metaplastic proliferative cells and are surrounded by polyps. There was no tumor infiltration in the intima and myometrium. Grammelius stained approximately 10% of the tumor cells with erythrophilic granules, but no benign gland or other uterus in endometrial polyps.