达尔文以前的生物学家,一般都认为种是不变的,而且种与种之间是彼此独立而无关系的,拉马克、尤其是达尔文进化学说的创立推翻了这种种的不变性及永恒性的看法,而证实了动植物的种都是由其他种变化而成的。这一点指出了生物界进化的事实,也说明了生物界历史发展的过程,这就是达尔文学说的一个大的贡献。但是达尔文学说的基础是片面的、肤浅的进化论,在达尔文的进化学说中只看到了量的改变,而没有估计到质变的规律及必然性。达尔文以为 Former biologists in Darwin generally considered the species as immutable and independent of each other, and the establishment of Lamarck, especially Darwin’s theory of evolution, overturned the invariance and eternity of this species Sexual view, and confirmed that species of animals and plants are made by other species. This points to the fact that the evolution of the biological world, but also illustrates the historical development of the biological world, which is a big contribution to Darwin’s theory. However, the Darwinian theory is based on the one-sided and superficial evolution theory. Only the change of quantity has been seen in Darwin’s theory of evolution, but the law and necessity of qualitative change have not been estimated. Darwin thought