听力测试的高分之道

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  在中学阶段,“听”的内容主要是指听课本的听力材料以及各种单元的听力测试,有时还会有教师或外教开的听力课和交际课。
  1. 听的准备
  一是集中注意力;二是充满自信。如果不集中注意力,听录音时可能会产生“心猿意马”或不稳定的情绪。充分的信心会让你在听的过程中处于很自然的状态。
  在听之前要努力稳定情绪、放松自己,以最佳的心理状态进入听力测试。试卷的分发和播放试音阶段是稳定和调整情绪的最佳时机。
  2. 听的审读
  为了提高答题的正确率,非常有必要在每段材料播放以前对有关题干和选项中的信息作一下预读, 通过比较选项的异同,对将要听的内容作一下预测,这样便于在听的过程中做到有的放矢,重点突出。
  3. 听的过程
  在录音材料播放时,自己的注意力应放在听整体内容以及和问题有关的信息上,千万别放在个别的单词或句子上。对于一时听不清的内容千万不能停留,要舍得放弃。为了便于记住重要信息,有必要做到边听边记,把重要信息(如时间、地点、事由、原因、方式、程度、数字、选择等)的关键词记下来,从而迅速捕捉所听内容的主要信息。同时要善于对所捕捉的信息进行处理,联系题干和选项内容快速作出判断,对把握不大的题目可使用排除法作出选择,对于不会答的题目应暂时放弃。拖延答题时间会影响对后面内容的预读,得不偿失。
  4. 听的要点
  拿到试卷后,不要急着去做题,也不要坐等着放录音,不妨充分利用这宝贵的几分钟快速浏览一下试题。看看各题要求是什么,有图的认真读图,看清每幅图片的具体内容;听短对话的要认真而迅速地扫描一下问题及选项;听长对话也是知此。但要将几个问题连起来进行思考,预测一下所听内容的重点,短文一般有3-5个问题,要将这些问题连贯起来看。适当地分析一下要听的内容,有目的、有重点地去听录音,提高解题效率。短文填词题要注意认真阅读与所填词相关的内容,判断可能要填词的形式或可能的内容。
  5. 听的技能
  注意“整听”。所谓“整听”就是把思想高度集中在整体理解上,尤其要把握长对话及短文的主题,这样有助于我们更好地捕捉信息,推測判断。
  考试时要对一些与试题有关的信息做简要的笔记,尤其是涉及数字和需要计算的地方;对于一些较长的关键词可用一些简单的符号来代替,这样可以防止遗忘,有助于做题。
  做短文理解题时不能逐字翻译,只要捕捉一些关键的词语即可。要特别注意捕捉一篇短文开头的第一句或最后一句话, 因为它们往往是该文中心思想所在的主题句。另外,短文后所给的试题一般是按照短文内容呈现的先后顺序编排的,因此可以根据所听内容的先后顺序来逐一考虑各题,以免理不清头绪。
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