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本文是对湖南省博物馆所藏石门卣及其相关器物的初步研究,分析指出石门卣的风格和工艺属典型商代南方类型,而以其盖、腹扉棱的分铸最具特色。这类器物迄今仅搜集到15件,工艺具有同源性,除3件四耳簋外,均铸造于商代南方作坊,年代从二里岗晚期到殷墟早期,石门卣不晚于殷墟早期。南方工匠在武丁时期被迁至安阳,继续以南方工艺铸造了《宣和博古图》著录的四耳簋,而其传人又铸造了另两件四耳簋,一件现藏于美国弗利尔美术馆,另一件则出自陕西宝鸡石鼓山。
This paper is a preliminary study on the Shimenba and its related artifacts collected from the Hunan Provincial Museum. The analysis shows that the style and process of the Shimenba are typical of the southern Shang Dynasty, and the casting with its cover and abdominal fold is the most characteristic. So far, only 15 pieces of this kind of artifacts have been collected, and the process has the same origin. Except three pieces of four ears, they were all cast in the Shang workshop in the south. From the late Erligang period to the early Yin ruins, Shihmen was no later than the early Yin ruins. Southern artisans were moved to Anyang in the Wuding period, continue to southern craft cast of the “Xuan He Bogut map” recorded four ears, and its successors and cast the other two four ears, one is hidden in the United States Freel Art Museum, another from Shijingshan, Shaanxi Baoji.