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研究目的:矿区土地破坏严重且复垦率低,因而人们全力关注复垦率的提高,但没有意识到从源头上预防土地破坏的制度安排比提高复垦率的末端处置更重要。研究方法:运用逻辑归纳、综合分析和规范研究。研究结果:通过选择科学的矿业用地方式和政府管制矿业用地的市场准入;事先界定矿业相邻关系而尽量使土地使用权得到私人化的守护;对矿山企业的行为约束以矿业开发行政合同固定,并以保证金制度担保合同的实际履行;通过特许权设置,法定政府严格限制市场进入者的开发行为,而事先阻止矿山企业的经济负外部性发生。这些方面的综合运用和整体制度设置,是源头上保护矿区土地的有效控制。研究结论:必须坚持预防为主、综合治理的原则。
Research purposes: The land in the mining area is seriously damaged and the reclamation rate is low. Therefore, people pay full attention to the improvement of reclamation rate but do not realize that the institutional arrangement for preventing land degradation from the source is more important than the end disposal for raising reclamation rate. Research Methods: Using logical induction, comprehensive analysis and normative research. The research results include: choosing the scientific way of mining land and the market access of the government controlled mining land; defining the adjacent relations of the mining in advance so as to make the private use of the land use rights guardian; restraining the behavior of the mining enterprise from the administrative contract of mining development , And guaranteed the actual performance of the contract by the margin system. Through the establishment of the concession, the statutory government strictly restricts the development of market entrants and prevents the negative externalities of the mining enterprises in advance. The comprehensive utilization of these aspects and the establishment of the overall system are the effective sources of control over the protection of the land in mining areas. Research conclusions: We must adhere to the principle of prevention and comprehensive management.