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新世纪以来中国的环境立法有了很大发展,但与之形成鲜明对照的是中国环境污染与生态危机总体上进一步加剧。我国环保困境的根本成因是政府环境规制的失灵,而其根本出路则在于引入“社会合作”理念,创建绿色公民社会。在《环境保护法》修订中,应当认真对待和创立(或完善)公民环境权、环境NGO结社自由、PRTR制度与公众环境公益诉讼制度。只有引入社会监督,才能有效克服环境保护中的政府失灵与市场失灵。
Since the new century, China’s environmental legislation has made great progress. However, in sharp contrast, the overall environmental pollution and ecological crisis in China have been further aggravated. The fundamental cause of China’s environmental dilemma is the failure of government environmental regulation, and its fundamental solution is to introduce the concept of “social cooperation” and create a green civil society. In the revision of the “Environmental Protection Law,” we should take seriously and establish (or improve) the environmental rights of citizens, the freedom of association of environmental NGOs, the PRTR system, and the public environmental litigation system. Only by introducing social supervision can we effectively overcome the government failures and market failures in environmental protection.