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粪便是进入食物在消化道由各种消化液(酶)消化后,机体摄其营养,并借肠蠕动排出其残渣而形成。粪便颜色依胆汁的化学作用而异,在小肠上部大都是胆绿素呈绿色,至排泄时胆色素已转化成粪胆素而使大便呈黄色。若粪便反应偏酸性,则可因氧化性细菌作用,使胆红素氧化而复成胆绿素则便呈绿色,并非病征。消化道任何部位的病变、肠道蠕动功能失调、消化液(酶)质和量的变化、进入食物质和量的改变都会引起排便的异常。因此,婴幼儿新鲜粪便的性质、色泽、气味、次数等常反映小儿胃肠道生理功能或病理状态。细致的肉眼观察,对临床判断有重要的辅助价值,结合病史及临床体征往往能作出初步诊断。
Excrement is entered into the food in the digestive tract by a variety of digestive juice (enzyme) digestion, the body take its nutrition, and peristalsis to discharge its residue formed. Stool color varies according to the chemical action of bile, mostly in the upper part of the small intestine is green bili green, excretion of the pigment has been excreted into fecal pigment to make feces yellow. If the stool reaction is acidic, then due to the role of oxidizing bacteria, bilirubin oxidation complex bilirubin then it is green, not symptoms. Any part of the digestive tract lesions, bowel dysfunction, digestive juice (enzyme) quality and quantity changes, into the food quality and quantity changes can cause defecation abnormalities. Therefore, the nature of infants and young feces, color, smell, frequency, etc. often reflect the gastrointestinal physiological function or pathological state in children. Careful visual observation of the clinical judgments have an important auxiliary value, combined with history and clinical signs can often make a preliminary diagnosis.