叶圣陶先生曾指出:“学生须能读书,须能作文,故特设语文课以训练之,最终目的:自能读书,不待老师讲;自能作文,不待老师改。老师之训练必作到此两点。乃为教学之成功。”(《叶圣陶语文教育论集》717页)叶老在这里强调的语文教学必须注重培养学生的自学能力。自学能力就是学生独立获取知识、独立运用知识的能力。学生的自学,我们可以把它分为课前自学、课堂自学和课后自学三个阶段。这里 Mr. Ye Shengtao once pointed out: “Students must be able to read and must be able to write a composition. Therefore, Chinese language classes are specially designed for training. The ultimate goal is to be able to read a book without speaking to the teacher. You can write a composition without waiting for your teacher. The teacher’s training must be done here. Two points. It is the success of teaching.” (“Yao Shengtao, Chinese Language Education Collection,” p. 717) Ye Lao emphasized here that language teaching must focus on cultivating students’ self-learning ability. Self-learning ability is the ability of students to independently acquire knowledge and use knowledge independently. For students’ self-study, we can divide it into three stages: self-study before class, self-study in class, and self-study after class. Here