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本文构建空间动态面板模型,运用空间纠正系统GMM法实证发现要素市场扭曲和环境污染均存在空间自相关,环境污染存在空间溢出效应;要素市场扭曲程度越高,环境污染越严重,要素市场扭曲延迟了经济规模和行业结构与环境污染成倒U型的临界点的到来,不利于环境质量改善;分区域和分行业类型,要素市场扭曲均加剧了三大地区和三类行业环境污染,但要素市场扭曲对东部地区和技术密集型行业的环境污染影响最小,要素市场扭曲通过抑制技术进步、行业结构升级、能源效率提升和加剧腐败提高了东部地区和技术密集型行业的环境污染程度,通过影响经济规模、增加出口、吸引外资减少了东部地区和技术密集型行业的环境污染,而要素市场扭曲通过上述渠道导致中西部地区、劳动密集型行业和资本密集型行业的环境污染日益严重。据此,需推进要素市场的市场化进程,改善环境质量。
This paper constructs a space dynamic panel model and uses the spatial correction system GMM method to empirically find that there are spatial autocorrelations for elemental market distortions and environmental pollution, and that there is a spatial spillover effect for environmental pollution; the higher the factor market distortion, the more serious environmental pollution and the distortion of factor markets. The arrival of the critical point of inverted U-shape in economic scale, industrial structure, and environmental pollution is not conducive to the improvement of environmental quality; sub-regional and sub-industry types, factor market distortions have aggravated environmental pollution in the three major regions and the three types of industries, but the factors Market distortions have the least impact on the environmental pollution in the eastern region and technology-intensive industries. Factor market distortions have increased the level of environmental pollution in the eastern region and technology-intensive industries by inhibiting technological progress, upgrading industrial structures, increasing energy efficiency, and exacerbating corruption. The scale of the economy, increasing exports, and attracting foreign investment have reduced the environmental pollution in the eastern region and technology-intensive industries, and factor market distortions have led to increasingly serious environmental pollution in the central and western regions, labor-intensive industries, and capital-intensive industries. Accordingly, it is necessary to promote the marketization of factor markets and improve the quality of the environment.