对山东沿海地区6市县28792例7～13岁儿童(男15033例,女13759例)甲状腺肿进行了调查,并分析其发病原因。调查中共发现甲状腺肿大者527例,其中男191例,女336例。甲状腺肿的发生率为1.83%,男女分别为1.27%和2.44%,女性明显高于男性(P<0.005)。在各年龄组发病率中,女性7～8岁组明显低于其他年龄组(P<0.05),男性各年龄组间无显著差异。527例甲状腺肿大儿童中,单纯性甲状腺肿449例(85.20%),甲状腺腺瘤12例(2.28%),慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎7例(1.33%),3例可能为甲状腺激素合成障碍。另56例病因有待进一步随访观察。 A total of 28792 children aged 7-13 years (15033 males and 13759 females) in goats of 6 cities and counties in Shandong coastal area were investigated and their causes were analyzed. In the survey, 527 cases of goiter were found, including 191 males and 336 females. The incidence of goiter was 1.83%, 1.27% and 2.44% for men and women, respectively, and significantly higher for women than for men (P <0.005). Among all age groups, the incidence rate of women in 7-8 years old group was significantly lower than that of other age groups (P <0.05). There was no significant difference among men in all age groups. Of the 527 goiter cases, 449 (85.20%) had simple goiter, 12 (2.28%) had thyroid adenoma, and 7 (1.33%) had chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Thyroid hormone synthesis disorder . Another 56 cases of etiology to be further follow-up observation.