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目的:观察3首治疗黄疸的经典方剂对胆总管结扎(BDL)诱发实验性肝外胆汁淤积大鼠肝组织病理学变化的影响。方法:行胆总管三段结扎术复制大鼠肝外胆汁淤积模型。造模1周后各药物干预组每天分别经口灌胃给予1mL/100g体重茵陈蒿汤、茵陈五苓散和大柴胡汤;模型组和假手术组给予等体积生理盐水。至造模3周时处死取材。结果:与假手术组比较,胆总管结扎3周后,模型组肝细胞减少,增生的小胆管样上皮细胞形成小结节样结构,或演变形成小胆管,同时胶原纤维增生,小胆管和伴随出现的纤维母细胞、胶原纤维和毛细血管形成膜样间隔,并与邻近增生的间隔互相连接、包绕、分割,将肝实质分割成细胞团块,形成假小叶;少量炎性细胞浸润。新增生的小胆管样上皮细胞多数位于向小叶内延伸的边缘。与模型组相比,3组药物干预组胆管样上皮细胞或小胆管明显减少,肝细胞相对增多,胶原纤维增生减少,肝组织纤维化程度减轻,尤以茵陈蒿汤组疗效明显。结论:茵陈蒿汤、茵陈五苓散和大柴胡汤均能有效改善BDL所诱发的肝外胆汁淤积大鼠模型病理组织学改变,茵陈蒿汤疗效更优。
Objective: To observe the effects of three classic prescriptions of jaundice on pathological changes of liver in experimental extrahepatic cholestasis induced by common bile duct ligation (BDL). Methods: The model of extrahepatic cholestasis in rats was made by three sections of common bile duct ligation. One week after modeling, each drug intervention group was administered with 1 mL / 100 g body weight of Yinchenhao Decoction, Yinchen Wuling Powder and Dachaihu Tang by oral gavage, respectively. The model group and sham operation group were given equal volume of normal saline. To 3 weeks after the model was executed. Results: Compared with the sham-operation group, the cholangiocarcinoma decreased in three weeks after ligation of the common bile duct, and the small bilioid epithelial cells with hyperplastic nodules formed small nodules or evolved into small bile ducts with collagen fibrosis, small bile ducts and concomitant Appearing fibroblasts, collagen fibers and capillaries form a membrane-like interval, and adjacent to the proliferation of interconnected intervening, wrapping, segmentation, the liver parenchyma into clumps, the formation of pseudolobules; a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration. Most of the newly born small bile duct-like epithelial cells are located in the edge extending to the leaflets. Compared with the model group, the bile duct-like epithelial cells or small bile ducts of the three groups of drug intervention group were significantly reduced, the relative increase of hepatocytes, the reduction of collagen fiber proliferation and the degree of hepatic fibrosis were alleviated, especially in Yinchenhao Decoction group. Conclusion: Yinchenhao decoction, Yinchen Wuling San and Dachaihu decoction all can effectively improve the histopathological changes of rat model of extrahepatic cholestasis induced by BDL, and Yinchenhao decoction has better curative effect.