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[目的]探讨辽宁省抚顺、盘锦两市城乡宫颈癌及宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)的现患率,并对相关的危险因素进行分析。[方法]采用随机抽样的方法确定研究对象,并进行流行病学问卷调查,液基细胞学检查及阴道镜检查。如阴道镜下可疑病变则行活检。[结果]抚顺市宫颈癌及CIN的患病率为宫颈癌0.17%,CIN5.84%,CINⅡ~Ⅲ2.17%,抚顺农村为CIN2.83%,CINⅡ~Ⅲ0.67%;盘锦市CIN2.83%,CINⅡ~Ⅲ0.5%,盘锦农村CIN1.87%,CINⅡ~Ⅲ0.51%。抚顺市的患病率在四个筛查地点中明显居高。城市的患病率(宫颈癌0.08%,CIN4.34%,CINⅡ~Ⅲ1.33%)均高于农村(CIN2.35%,CINⅡ~Ⅲ0.59%)。CIN发病的高峰年龄在30~34岁和45~49岁,高峰职业在工厂手工业者。吸烟、初次性生活年龄小于21岁是CINⅡ~Ⅲ发生的高危因素。而教育程度、自然流产、人工流产、性伴侣的婚外性伴侣、生产史和避孕措施显示出不具有统计学意义。[结论]辽宁省抚顺市区的宫颈癌及CIN的患病率明显高于抚顺农村和盘锦市及农村,且高于沈阳市区,提醒我们应重点预防。吸烟、过早的性生活是我们应预防的高危因素。
[Objective] To explore the prevalence of cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in urban and rural areas of Fushun and Panjin in Liaoning Province and to analyze the related risk factors. [Methods] Random sampling method was used to determine the subjects, and epidemiological survey, liquid-based cytology and colposcopy were performed. Suspicious lesions such as colposcopy biopsy. [Results] The prevalence rates of cervical cancer and CIN in Fushun were 0.17% for cervical cancer, 5.84% for CIN and 2.17% for CINⅡ-Ⅲ. The prevalence of CIN was 2.83% and CINⅡ-Ⅲ was 0.67% in rural areas of Fushun, CIN2 in Panjin city. 83%, CINⅡ ~ Ⅲ0.5%, Panjin rural CIN1.87%, CINⅡ ~ Ⅲ0.51%. The prevalence of Fushun was significantly higher among the four screening sites. The prevalence rate in urban areas (cervical cancer 0.08%, CIN4.34%, CINⅡ-Ⅲ 1.33%) was higher than that in rural areas (CIN 2.35%, CINⅡ-Ⅲ 0.59%). The peak incidence of CIN in the 30 to 34 years old and 45 to 49 years old, the peak occupation in the factory handicraftsmen. Smoking, first sexual life less than 21 years old is a high risk factor for CIN Ⅱ ~ Ⅲ. However, educational level, spontaneous abortion, induced abortion, extramarital partner of sexual partner, production history and contraceptive measures showed no statistical significance. [Conclusion] The prevalence of cervical cancer and CIN in Fushun, Liaoning Province is significantly higher than that in Fushun, Panjin and rural areas and higher than that in Shenyang, which reminds us that we should focus on prevention. Smoking, premature sexual life is a risk factor we should prevent.