马克思哲学理论研究中有三个术语,即存在论、范畴论和生存论。实际上,这三个术语在某种程度上分别代表了哲学史发展过程中出现的不同思维方式以及由此产生的对人与世界关系之不同理解。目前国内学界对各自的阐释已基本取得共识。但无可否认,它们之间的区别以及各自背后所代表的哲学思维方式往往被忽略和混淆。这种情形若不加以澄清,势必造成马克思哲学与近代哲学的界限变得模糊不清,从而遮蔽马克思哲学作为当代哲学对人们现实生活的指导作用。 There are three terms in the study of Marxist philosophical theory, that is, ontology, category theory and existentialism. In fact, these three terms, to some extent, respectively, represent the different ways of thinking that emerged during the development of the history of philosophy and the resulting different understanding of the relationship between people and the world. At present, the domestic academic community has basically reached consensus on their own interpretation. However, it is undeniable that the distinction between them and the philosophical thinking they represent are often overlooked and confused. If this situation is not clarified, it will inevitably cause the boundary between Marxist philosophy and modern philosophy to be blurred, thus obscuring the guiding role of Marxist philosophy as a contemporary philosophy to people’s real life.