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应用~(15)N示踪技术研究了麦秸铺施和混施方式下,秸秆中氮在土壤中的去向。试验结果表明:1.麦秸铺盖土表还田的,夏谷地上部分和籽粒部分对秸秆氮的利用率分别为28.3%和15.2%,而麦秸与土壤混合施用还田的,其对秸秆氮的利用率则分别为20.6%和12.0%。前者明显优于后者。2.夏谷生长87天后,麦秸铺施还田的,秸秆氮有28.3%进入夏谷株体中;16.5%进入土壤腐殖质;0.5%和3.1%分别进入渗漏水和以气态等形式逸失;残留于土壤中的秸秆氮(包括夏谷根系)约有51.6%。而麦秸混施还田的,秸秆氮进入夏谷株体、土壤腐殖质、渗漏水和以气态逸失的量分别占施入秸秆氮总量的20.5%,14.8%,0.2%和11.5%,残留于土壤中的约占总量的53.0%。
The application of ~ (15) N tracing technique was used to study the fate of nitrogen in straw under the condition of wheat straw application and mixed application. The results showed that: (1) Wheat straw covering soil table returned to the fields, summer cereal ground parts and grain parts of the nitrogen utilization of straw were 28.3% and 15.2%, respectively, and wheat straw and soil mixed application of the field, the straw nitrogen Utilization rates were 20.6% and 12.0% respectively. The former is obviously better than the latter. After 87 days of summer grain maturity, wheat straw returned to the field with 28.3% of nitrogen entering the summer grain plant; 16.5% entering the soil humus; 0.5% and 3.1% entering the seepage water respectively and losing in the form of gas; About 51.6% of straw nitrogen (including summer root system) remained in the soil. However, when the wheat straw was mixed and returned to the field, the amount of straw humus, leachate and gas loss accounted for 20.5%, 14.8%, 0.2% and 11.5% of the total nitrogen applied to straw, respectively About 53.0% of the total soil.