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哈贝马斯对于德里达的批判可以分为三个步骤首先,对德里达所立足的理论前提,即对于逻辑学和修辞学之间经典关系的解构提出质疑;其次,通过阐述德里达与塞尔之间隐蔽的争论,阐明了自己对于文学语言的理解;最后,是对于德里达的继承者们所主张的“文类不确定性”的批判。本文沿着哈贝马斯对于德里达的批判思路,一方面阐明文学语言与日常语言(规范语言)之间的差别,另一方面阐明所谓“文类不确定性”的内在问题,进而阐明文学本质主义(无论是文学中心主义还是文学相对主义)是值得认真检讨的。
Habermas’s critique of Derrida can be divided into three steps. First, he questions the theoretical premise that Derrida bases on, that is, deconstruction of the classic relationship between logic and rhetoric. Secondly, A concealed argument between the two, clarifying his own understanding of literary language; and finally, a critique of the “genre uncertainty” advocated by Derrida’s successors. Based on the critical thinking of Derrida by Habermas, this essay clarifies the difference between literary language and everyday language (normative language) on the one hand and expounds the inherent problem of so-called “genre uncertainty” on the other hand, Essentialism (literary centralism or literary relativism) deserves careful review.